diff --git a/abstract-machine/README b/abstract-machine/README
index 2e0392a..b67eb91 100644
--- a/abstract-machine/README
+++ b/abstract-machine/README
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-AbstractMachine is a minimal, modularized, and machine-independent 
+AbstractMachine is a minimal, modularized, and machine-independent
 abstraction layer of the computer hardware:
 
 * physical memory and direct execution (The "Turing Machine");
@@ -9,5 +9,5 @@ abstraction layer of the computer hardware:
 
 CONTACTS
 
-Bug reports and suggestions go to Yanyan Jiang (jyy@nju.edu.cn) and Zihao 
+Bug reports and suggestions go to Yanyan Jiang (jyy@nju.edu.cn) and Zihao
 Yu (yuzihao@ict.ac.cn).
diff --git a/abstract-machine/am/src/native/mpe.c b/abstract-machine/am/src/native/mpe.c
index a25c0fe..ec51442 100644
--- a/abstract-machine/am/src/native/mpe.c
+++ b/abstract-machine/am/src/native/mpe.c
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-#include <stdatomic.h>
 #include "platform.h"
+#include <stdatomic.h>
 
 int __am_mpe_init = 0;
 extern bool __am_has_ioe;
@@ -16,7 +16,8 @@ bool mpe_init(void (*entry)()) {
       char ch;
       assert(read(sync_pipe[0], &ch, 1) == 1);
       assert(ch == '+');
-      close(sync_pipe[0]); close(sync_pipe[1]);
+      close(sync_pipe[0]);
+      close(sync_pipe[1]);
 
       thiscpu->cpuid = i;
       __am_init_timer_irq();
@@ -31,8 +32,9 @@ bool mpe_init(void (*entry)()) {
   for (int i = 1; i < cpu_count(); i++) {
     assert(write(sync_pipe[1], "+", 1) == 1);
   }
-  close(sync_pipe[0]); close(sync_pipe[1]);
-  
+  close(sync_pipe[0]);
+  close(sync_pipe[1]);
+
   entry();
   panic("MP entry should not return\n");
 }
@@ -42,9 +44,7 @@ int cpu_count() {
   return __am_ncpu;
 }
 
-int cpu_current() {
-  return thiscpu->cpuid;
-}
+int cpu_current() { return thiscpu->cpuid; }
 
 int atomic_xchg(int *addr, int newval) {
   return atomic_exchange((int *)addr, newval);
diff --git a/abstract-machine/am/src/x86/qemu/trap32.S b/abstract-machine/am/src/x86/qemu/trap32.S
index b0b41a8..43fb2e2 100644
--- a/abstract-machine/am/src/x86/qemu/trap32.S
+++ b/abstract-machine/am/src/x86/qemu/trap32.S
@@ -55,25 +55,25 @@ __am_iret:
   popl  %edi
   popl  %ebp
   iret
- 
+
 .kernel_iret:
   popl  %eax
   popl  %ebx
   popl  %ecx
   popl  %edx
   addl  $4, %esp
- 
+
   /* stack frame:
      28  ss
      24  esp  (not popped by iret when returning to ring0)
      20  eflags ---> move to new-esp
      16  cs
      12  eip
-      8  ebp 
-      4  edi 
+      8  ebp
+      4  edi
       0  esi <--- %esp
       */
- 
+
   movl  %esp, %ebp
   movl  24(%ebp), %edi   // %edi is new-esp
 
diff --git a/abstract-machine/klib/src/string.c b/abstract-machine/klib/src/string.c
index 931e7dd..f8d95be 100644
--- a/abstract-machine/klib/src/string.c
+++ b/abstract-machine/klib/src/string.c
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-#include <klib.h>
 #include <klib-macros.h>
+#include <klib.h>
 #include <stdint.h>
 
 #if !defined(__ISA_NATIVE__) || defined(__NATIVE_USE_KLIB__)
@@ -7,14 +7,15 @@
 size_t strlen(const char *s) {
   const char *p = s;
   size_t len = 0;
-  while(*(p++) != '\0') len++;
+  while (*(p++) != '\0')
+    len++;
   return len;
 }
 
 char *strcpy(char *dst, const char *src) {
   char *p_dst = dst;
   const char *p_src = src;
-  for(; *p_src != '\0'; p_src++, p_dst++) {
+  for (; *p_src != '\0'; p_src++, p_dst++) {
     *p_dst = *p_src;
   }
   *p_dst = '\0';
@@ -23,10 +24,10 @@ char *strcpy(char *dst, const char *src) {
 
 char *strncpy(char *dst, const char *src, size_t n) {
   int i = 0;
-  for(; i < n && src[i] != '\0'; i++) {
+  for (; i < n && src[i] != '\0'; i++) {
     dst[i] = src[i];
   }
-  for(; i < n; i++) {
+  for (; i < n; i++) {
     dst[i] = '\0';
   }
   return dst;
@@ -35,8 +36,9 @@ char *strncpy(char *dst, const char *src, size_t n) {
 char *strcat(char *dst, const char *src) {
   char *p_dst = dst;
   const char *p_src = src;
-  while(*p_dst != '\0') p_dst++;
-  for(; *p_src != '\0'; p_src++, p_dst++) {
+  while (*p_dst != '\0')
+    p_dst++;
+  for (; *p_src != '\0'; p_src++, p_dst++) {
     *p_dst = *p_src;
   }
   *p_dst = '\0';
@@ -45,54 +47,56 @@ char *strcat(char *dst, const char *src) {
 
 int strcmp(const char *s1, const char *s2) {
   const char *p_s1 = s1, *p_s2 = s2;
-  for(; *p_s1 == *p_s2; p_s1++, p_s2++) {
-    if(*p_s1 == '\0' || *p_s2 == '\0') {
+  for (; *p_s1 == *p_s2; p_s1++, p_s2++) {
+    if (*p_s1 == '\0' || *p_s2 == '\0') {
       break;
     }
-  } 
+  }
   return *p_s1 - *p_s2;
 }
 
 int strncmp(const char *s1, const char *s2, size_t n) {
   const char *p_s1 = s1, *p_s2 = s2;
   int i = 0;
-  for(i = 0; i < n - 1; i++) {
-    if(s1[i] == '\0' || s2[i] == '\0')
+  for (i = 0; i < n - 1; i++) {
+    if (s1[i] == '\0' || s2[i] == '\0')
       break;
-  } 
+  }
   return s1[i] - s2[i];
 }
 
 void *memset(void *s, int c, size_t n) {
   uint8_t *p = s;
-  for(int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+  for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
     p[i] = c;
   }
   return s;
 }
 
 void *memmove(void *dst, const void *src, size_t n) {
-  if (src + n  > dst && src < dst) {
+  if (src + n > dst && src < dst) {
     size_t len = dst - src;
     void *p_dst = (void *)src + n;
     const void *p_src = src + n - len;
-    while(p_dst >= dst) {
+    while (p_dst >= dst) {
       memcpy(p_dst, p_src, len);
       p_src -= len;
       p_dst -= len;
     }
-    if(n % len) memcpy(dst, src, n % len);
+    if (n % len)
+      memcpy(dst, src, n % len);
   } else if (dst < src && dst + n > src) {
     size_t len = src - dst;
     void *p_dst = dst;
     const void *p_src = src;
-    while(p_src < src + n) {
+    while (p_src < src + n) {
       memcpy(p_dst, p_src, len);
       p_src += len;
       p_dst += len;
     }
-    if(n % len) memcpy(p_dst, p_src, n % len);
-  } else { 
+    if (n % len)
+      memcpy(p_dst, p_src, n % len);
+  } else {
     memcpy(dst, src, n);
   }
 
@@ -100,7 +104,7 @@ void *memmove(void *dst, const void *src, size_t n) {
 }
 
 void *memcpy(void *out, const void *in, size_t n) {
-  for (size_t i = 0 ; i < n ; i++) {
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < n; i++) {
     *(uint8_t *)(out + i) = *(uint8_t *)(in + i);
   }
   return out;
@@ -109,9 +113,10 @@ void *memcpy(void *out, const void *in, size_t n) {
 int memcmp(const void *s1, const void *s2, size_t n) {
   const uint8_t *p1 = s1, *p2 = s2;
   for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
-    if(*p1 != *p2)
+    if (*p1 != *p2)
       return p1 - p2;
-    p1++; p2++;
+    p1++;
+    p2++;
   }
   return 0;
 }
diff --git a/diffu b/diffu
index 0c590d2..645b0f6 160000
--- a/diffu
+++ b/diffu
@@ -1 +1 @@
-Subproject commit 0c590d218be4b2df4f8f827a9fd40278c227a1ca
+Subproject commit 645b0f607ae510fda4d71b8152ea932a2b38bc32
diff --git a/nemu/Makefile b/nemu/Makefile
index e5e5838..1a645d7 100644
--- a/nemu/Makefile
+++ b/nemu/Makefile
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ $(IMAGES): %: %.bin $(BINARY)
 	@echo + TEST $(notdir $<)
 	@$(BINARY) -b $< >/dev/null 2>&1 || printf "\t%14s\n" $(notdir $<) >> $(RESULT)
 
-integration-tests: $(IMAGES) 
+integration-tests: $(IMAGES)
 	@printf "$(COLOR_BLUE)INTEGRATION TEST:$(COLOR_NONE)\n\tALL: %s\n\tFAILED: %s\n" $(words $(IMAGES)) $(shell wc -l $(RESULT) | cut -f1 -d' ')
 	@test ! -s $(RESULT) || printf "$(COLOR_RED)FAILED:$(COLOR_NONE)\n"
 	@cat $(RESULT)
diff --git a/nemu/resource/sdcard/README.md b/nemu/resource/sdcard/README.md
index 80324e0..cad435a 100644
--- a/nemu/resource/sdcard/README.md
+++ b/nemu/resource/sdcard/README.md
@@ -38,15 +38,15 @@
 @@ -983,6 +983,7 @@ static int card_busy_detect(struct mmc_card *card, unsigned int timeout_ms,
  	int err = 0;
  	u32 status;
- 
+
 +  return err;
  	do {
  		bool done = time_after(jiffies, timeout);
- 
+
 --- linux/drivers/mmc/core/core.h
 +++ linux/drivers/mmc/core/core.h
 @@ -64,6 +64,7 @@ void mmc_set_initial_state(struct mmc_host *host);
- 
+
  static inline void mmc_delay(unsigned int ms)
  {
 +  return;
diff --git a/nemu/src/isa/mips32/logo.c b/nemu/src/isa/mips32/logo.c
index 9fedb02..e3c0968 100644
--- a/nemu/src/isa/mips32/logo.c
+++ b/nemu/src/isa/mips32/logo.c
@@ -16,63 +16,62 @@
 // refer to http://www.patorjk.com/software/taag/#p=display&f=Big&t=Type%20Something%20
 
 /*
-            _           ____ ___    __  __                         _ 
+            _           ____ ___    __  __                         _
            (_)         |___ \__ \  |  \/  |                       | |
   _ __ ___  _ _ __  ___  __) | ) | | \  / | __ _ _ __  _   _  __ _| |
  | '_ ` _ \| | '_ \/ __||__ < / /  | |\/| |/ _` | '_ \| | | |/ _` | |
  | | | | | | | |_) \__ \___) / /_  | |  | | (_| | | | | |_| | (_| | |
  |_| |_| |_|_| .__/|___/____/____| |_|  |_|\__,_|_| |_|\__,_|\__,_|_|
-             | |                                                     
-             |_|                                                     
+             | |
+             |_|
 
 */
 
 unsigned char isa_logo[] = {
-  0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20,
-  0x5f, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20,
-  0x5f, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x20, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20,
-  0x5f, 0x5f, 0x20, 0x20, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20,
-  0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20,
-  0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x5f, 0x20, 0x0a, 0x20, 0x20,
-  0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x28, 0x5f, 0x29,
-  0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x5f, 0x5f,
-  0x5f, 0x20, 0x5c, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x20, 0x5c, 0x20, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x20,
-  0x5c, 0x2f, 0x20, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20,
-  0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20,
-  0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x0a, 0x20, 0x20, 0x5f, 0x20,
-  0x5f, 0x5f, 0x20, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x20, 0x20, 0x5f, 0x20, 0x5f, 0x20,
-  0x5f, 0x5f, 0x20, 0x20, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x20, 0x20, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x29,
-  0x20, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x29, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x5c, 0x20, 0x20,
-  0x2f, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x20, 0x5f, 0x20, 0x5f, 0x20, 0x5f,
-  0x5f, 0x20, 0x20, 0x5f, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x5f, 0x20, 0x20, 0x5f, 0x5f,
-  0x20, 0x5f, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x0a, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x27, 0x5f, 0x20,
-  0x60, 0x20, 0x5f, 0x20, 0x5c, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x27, 0x5f, 0x20,
-  0x5c, 0x2f, 0x20, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x7c, 0x7c, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x20, 0x3c, 0x20,
-  0x2f, 0x20, 0x2f, 0x20, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x5c, 0x2f, 0x7c, 0x20,
-  0x7c, 0x2f, 0x20, 0x5f, 0x60, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x27, 0x5f, 0x20, 0x5c,
-  0x7c, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x2f, 0x20, 0x5f, 0x60, 0x20,
-  0x7c, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x0a, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x7c,
-  0x20, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x5f, 0x29, 0x20, 0x5c,
-  0x5f, 0x5f, 0x20, 0x5c, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x29, 0x20, 0x2f, 0x20, 0x2f,
-  0x5f, 0x20, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x20,
-  0x28, 0x5f, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x20,
-  0x7c, 0x5f, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x28, 0x5f, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x20,
-  0x7c, 0x0a, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x5f, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x5f, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x7c,
-  0x5f, 0x7c, 0x5f, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x2e, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x2f, 0x7c, 0x5f, 0x5f,
-  0x5f, 0x2f, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x2f, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x7c,
-  0x20, 0x7c, 0x5f, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x5f, 0x7c, 0x5c, 0x5f, 0x5f,
-  0x2c, 0x5f, 0x7c, 0x5f, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x5f, 0x7c, 0x5c, 0x5f, 0x5f,
-  0x2c, 0x5f, 0x7c, 0x5c, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x2c, 0x5f, 0x7c, 0x5f, 0x7c, 0x0a,
-  0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20,
-  0x20, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20,
-  0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20,
-  0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20,
-  0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20,
-  0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x0a, 0x20, 0x20,
-  0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x7c,
-  0x5f, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20,
-  0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20,
-  0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20,
-  0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20,
-  0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x0a, '\0'
-};
+    0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20,
+    0x5f, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20,
+    0x5f, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x20, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20,
+    0x5f, 0x5f, 0x20, 0x20, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20,
+    0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20,
+    0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x5f, 0x20, 0x0a, 0x20, 0x20,
+    0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x28, 0x5f, 0x29,
+    0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x5f, 0x5f,
+    0x5f, 0x20, 0x5c, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x20, 0x5c, 0x20, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x20,
+    0x5c, 0x2f, 0x20, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20,
+    0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20,
+    0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x0a, 0x20, 0x20, 0x5f, 0x20,
+    0x5f, 0x5f, 0x20, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x20, 0x20, 0x5f, 0x20, 0x5f, 0x20,
+    0x5f, 0x5f, 0x20, 0x20, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x20, 0x20, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x29,
+    0x20, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x29, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x5c, 0x20, 0x20,
+    0x2f, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x20, 0x5f, 0x20, 0x5f, 0x20, 0x5f,
+    0x5f, 0x20, 0x20, 0x5f, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x5f, 0x20, 0x20, 0x5f, 0x5f,
+    0x20, 0x5f, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x0a, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x27, 0x5f, 0x20,
+    0x60, 0x20, 0x5f, 0x20, 0x5c, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x27, 0x5f, 0x20,
+    0x5c, 0x2f, 0x20, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x7c, 0x7c, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x20, 0x3c, 0x20,
+    0x2f, 0x20, 0x2f, 0x20, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x5c, 0x2f, 0x7c, 0x20,
+    0x7c, 0x2f, 0x20, 0x5f, 0x60, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x27, 0x5f, 0x20, 0x5c,
+    0x7c, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x2f, 0x20, 0x5f, 0x60, 0x20,
+    0x7c, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x0a, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x7c,
+    0x20, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x5f, 0x29, 0x20, 0x5c,
+    0x5f, 0x5f, 0x20, 0x5c, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x29, 0x20, 0x2f, 0x20, 0x2f,
+    0x5f, 0x20, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x20,
+    0x28, 0x5f, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x20,
+    0x7c, 0x5f, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x28, 0x5f, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x20,
+    0x7c, 0x0a, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x5f, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x5f, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x7c,
+    0x5f, 0x7c, 0x5f, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x2e, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x2f, 0x7c, 0x5f, 0x5f,
+    0x5f, 0x2f, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x2f, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x7c,
+    0x20, 0x7c, 0x5f, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x5f, 0x7c, 0x5c, 0x5f, 0x5f,
+    0x2c, 0x5f, 0x7c, 0x5f, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x5f, 0x7c, 0x5c, 0x5f, 0x5f,
+    0x2c, 0x5f, 0x7c, 0x5c, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x2c, 0x5f, 0x7c, 0x5f, 0x7c, 0x0a,
+    0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20,
+    0x20, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20,
+    0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20,
+    0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20,
+    0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20,
+    0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x0a, 0x20, 0x20,
+    0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x7c,
+    0x5f, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20,
+    0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20,
+    0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20,
+    0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20,
+    0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x0a, '\0'};
diff --git a/nemu/src/isa/riscv32/logo.c b/nemu/src/isa/riscv32/logo.c
index d693d43..c731672 100644
--- a/nemu/src/isa/riscv32/logo.c
+++ b/nemu/src/isa/riscv32/logo.c
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
 // refer to http://www.patorjk.com/software/taag/#p=display&f=Big&t=Type%20Something%20
 
 /*
-       _                         __  __                         _ 
+       _                         __  __                         _
       (_)                       |  \/  |                       | |
   _ __ _ ___  ___ ________   __ | \  / | __ _ _ __  _   _  __ _| |
  | '__| / __|/ __|______\ \ / / | |\/| |/ _` | '_ \| | | |/ _` | |
@@ -25,39 +25,49 @@
 
 */
 
-unsigned char isa_logo[] = {
-  0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x5f, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20,
-  0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20,
-  0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x20,
-  0x20, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20,
-  0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20,
-  0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x5f, 0x20, 0x0a, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20,
-  0x20, 0x28, 0x5f, 0x29, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20,
-  0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20,
-  0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x20, 0x5c, 0x2f, 0x20, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x20,
-  0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20,
-  0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x20,
-  0x7c, 0x0a, 0x20, 0x20, 0x5f, 0x20, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x20, 0x5f, 0x20, 0x5f,
-  0x5f, 0x5f, 0x20, 0x20, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x20, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x5f,
-  0x5f, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x20,
-  0x5c, 0x20, 0x20, 0x2f, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x20, 0x5f, 0x20,
-  0x5f, 0x20, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x20, 0x20, 0x5f, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x5f, 0x20,
-  0x20, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x20, 0x5f, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x0a, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x20,
-  0x27, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x2f, 0x20, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x7c, 0x2f, 0x20,
-  0x5f, 0x5f, 0x7c, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x5c, 0x20, 0x5c,
-  0x20, 0x2f, 0x20, 0x2f, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x5c, 0x2f, 0x7c, 0x20,
-  0x7c, 0x2f, 0x20, 0x5f, 0x60, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x27, 0x5f, 0x20, 0x5c,
-  0x7c, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x2f, 0x20, 0x5f, 0x60, 0x20,
-  0x7c, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x0a, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x20,
-  0x5c, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x20, 0x5c, 0x20, 0x28, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20,
-  0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x5c, 0x20, 0x56, 0x20, 0x2f, 0x20, 0x20,
-  0x7c, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x28, 0x5f, 0x7c,
-  0x20, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x5f, 0x7c,
-  0x20, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x28, 0x5f, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x0a, 0x20,
-  0x7c, 0x5f, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x5f, 0x7c, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x2f,
-  0x5c, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20,
-  0x20, 0x5c, 0x5f, 0x2f, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x5f, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x20,
-  0x7c, 0x5f, 0x7c, 0x5c, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x2c, 0x5f, 0x7c, 0x5f, 0x7c, 0x20,
-  0x7c, 0x5f, 0x7c, 0x5c, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x2c, 0x5f, 0x7c, 0x5c, 0x5f, 0x5f,
-  0x2c, 0x5f, 0x7c, 0x5f, 0x7c, 0x0a, '\0'  /* Termination Character is indispensable! */
+unsigned char
+    isa_logo
+        [] =
+            {
+                0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x5f, 0x20, 0x20,
+                0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20,
+                0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20,
+                0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x20, 0x20, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x20,
+                0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20,
+                0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20,
+                0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x5f, 0x20, 0x0a, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20,
+                0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x28, 0x5f, 0x29, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20,
+                0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20,
+                0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x7c,
+                0x20, 0x20, 0x5c, 0x2f, 0x20, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20,
+                0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20,
+                0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20,
+                0x7c, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x0a, 0x20, 0x20, 0x5f, 0x20, 0x5f, 0x5f,
+                0x20, 0x5f, 0x20, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x20, 0x20, 0x5f, 0x5f,
+                0x5f, 0x20, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x5f,
+                0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x5c, 0x20,
+                0x20, 0x2f, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x20, 0x5f, 0x20,
+                0x5f, 0x20, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x20, 0x20, 0x5f, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20,
+                0x5f, 0x20, 0x20, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x20, 0x5f, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x7c,
+                0x0a, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x27, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x2f,
+                0x20, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x7c, 0x2f, 0x20, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x7c, 0x5f,
+                0x5f, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x5c, 0x20, 0x5c, 0x20, 0x2f,
+                0x20, 0x2f, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x5c, 0x2f, 0x7c, 0x20,
+                0x7c, 0x2f, 0x20, 0x5f, 0x60, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x27, 0x5f,
+                0x20, 0x5c, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x2f,
+                0x20, 0x5f, 0x60, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x0a, 0x20, 0x7c,
+                0x20, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x5c, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x20,
+                0x5c, 0x20, 0x28, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20,
+                0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x5c, 0x20, 0x56, 0x20, 0x2f, 0x20, 0x20,
+                0x7c, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x28,
+                0x5f, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x7c,
+                0x20, 0x7c, 0x5f, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x28, 0x5f, 0x7c,
+                0x20, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x0a, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x5f, 0x7c, 0x20,
+                0x20, 0x7c, 0x5f, 0x7c, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x2f, 0x5c, 0x5f,
+                0x5f, 0x5f, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20,
+                0x20, 0x5c, 0x5f, 0x2f, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x5f, 0x7c,
+                0x20, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x5f, 0x7c, 0x5c, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x2c, 0x5f,
+                0x7c, 0x5f, 0x7c, 0x20, 0x7c, 0x5f, 0x7c, 0x5c, 0x5f, 0x5f,
+                0x2c, 0x5f, 0x7c, 0x5c, 0x5f, 0x5f, 0x2c, 0x5f, 0x7c, 0x5f,
+                0x7c, 0x0a, '\0' /* Termination Character is indispensable! */
 };
diff --git a/nemu/src/utils/ftrace.c b/nemu/src/utils/ftrace.c
index a522be7..228eb34 100644
--- a/nemu/src/utils/ftrace.c
+++ b/nemu/src/utils/ftrace.c
@@ -17,10 +17,12 @@ static int cmp_func_t(const void *a, const void *b) {
 
 static func_t *get_func(vaddr_t addr) {
   int l = 0, r = func_table_len - 1;
-  while(l <= r) {
+  while (l <= r) {
     int mid = (l + r) / 2;
-    if(func_table[mid].start <= addr)  l = mid + 1;
-    else r = mid - 1;
+    if (func_table[mid].start <= addr)
+      l = mid + 1;
+    else
+      r = mid - 1;
   }
   return l == 0 ? NULL : &func_table[l - 1];
 }
@@ -33,20 +35,27 @@ void init_elf(const char *path) {
   func_table = (func_t *)calloc(func_table_size, sizeof(func_t));
   assert(func_table);
 
-  FAILED_GOTO(failed_header, fread(&header, sizeof(Elf32_Ehdr), 1, elf_file) <= 0);
+  FAILED_GOTO(failed_header,
+              fread(&header, sizeof(Elf32_Ehdr), 1, elf_file) <= 0);
   FAILED_GOTO(failed_header, fseek(elf_file, header.e_shoff, SEEK_SET) != 0);
-  FAILED_GOTO(failed_header, fread(section_header, header.e_shentsize, header.e_shnum, elf_file) <= 0);
+  FAILED_GOTO(failed_header, fread(section_header, header.e_shentsize,
+                                   header.e_shnum, elf_file) <= 0);
 
   char *shstrtab = calloc(1, section_header[header.e_shstrndx].sh_size);
-  FAILED_GOTO(failed_shstrtab, fseek(elf_file, section_header[header.e_shstrndx].sh_offset, SEEK_SET) != 0);
-  FAILED_GOTO(failed_shstrtab, fread(shstrtab, section_header[header.e_shstrndx].sh_size, 1, elf_file) <= 0);
+  FAILED_GOTO(failed_shstrtab,
+              fseek(elf_file, section_header[header.e_shstrndx].sh_offset,
+                    SEEK_SET) != 0);
+  FAILED_GOTO(failed_shstrtab,
+              fread(shstrtab, section_header[header.e_shstrndx].sh_size, 1,
+                    elf_file) <= 0);
 
   Elf32_Shdr *symtab = NULL, *strtab = NULL;
-  for(int i = 0; i < header.e_shnum; i++) {
+  for (int i = 0; i < header.e_shnum; i++) {
     psh = section_header + i;
     if (psh->sh_type == SHT_SYMTAB) {
       symtab = psh;
-    } else if (psh->sh_type == SHT_STRTAB && strncmp(shstrtab + psh->sh_name, ".strtab", 8) == 0) {
+    } else if (psh->sh_type == SHT_STRTAB &&
+               strncmp(shstrtab + psh->sh_name, ".strtab", 8) == 0) {
       strtab = psh;
     }
   }
@@ -54,22 +63,28 @@ void init_elf(const char *path) {
   int sym_length = symtab->sh_size / sizeof(Elf32_Sym);
   Elf32_Sym *sym = calloc(sym_length, sizeof(Elf32_Sym));
   assert(sym);
-  FAILED_GOTO(failed_funcname, fseek(elf_file, symtab->sh_offset, SEEK_SET) != 0);
-  FAILED_GOTO(failed_funcname, fread(sym, sizeof(Elf32_Sym), sym_length, elf_file) <= 0);
-  
-  for(int j = 0; j < sym_length; j++) {
-    if(ELF32_ST_TYPE(sym[j].st_info) != STT_FUNC) continue;
+  FAILED_GOTO(failed_funcname,
+              fseek(elf_file, symtab->sh_offset, SEEK_SET) != 0);
+  FAILED_GOTO(failed_funcname,
+              fread(sym, sizeof(Elf32_Sym), sym_length, elf_file) <= 0);
+
+  for (int j = 0; j < sym_length; j++) {
+    if (ELF32_ST_TYPE(sym[j].st_info) != STT_FUNC)
+      continue;
     // Only read function type symbol
     func_t *f = &func_table[func_table_len];
     char *func = (char *)malloc(30);
-    FAILED_GOTO(failed_funcname, fseek(elf_file, strtab->sh_offset + sym[j].st_name, SEEK_SET) != 0);
+    FAILED_GOTO(failed_funcname,
+                fseek(elf_file, strtab->sh_offset + sym[j].st_name, SEEK_SET) !=
+                    0);
     FAILED_GOTO(failed_funcname, fgets(func, 30, elf_file) <= 0);
     f->start = sym[j].st_value;
     f->len = sym[j].st_size;
     f->name = func;
     ++func_table_len;
-    if(func_table_len >= func_table_size) {
-      Assert(func_table_size * 2 > func_table_size, "Function table exceed memory limit");
+    if (func_table_len >= func_table_size) {
+      Assert(func_table_size * 2 > func_table_size,
+             "Function table exceed memory limit");
       func_table_size *= 2;
       func_table = realloc(func_table, func_table_size * sizeof(func_t));
       Assert(func_table, "Function table exceed memory limit");
@@ -88,10 +103,12 @@ failed_funcname:
 failed_shstrtab:
   free(shstrtab);
 failed_header:
-  for(int i = 0; i < func_table_len; i++) {
+  for (int i = 0; i < func_table_len; i++) {
     func_t *f = &func_table[i];
-    if(f->name) { free(f->name); }
-  } 
+    if (f->name) {
+      free(f->name);
+    }
+  }
   free(func_table);
   Error("Failed reading elf file");
   return;
@@ -114,11 +131,12 @@ void ftrace_return(vaddr_t pc, vaddr_t addr) {
        ftrace_stack_len--) {
     vaddr_t tco_addr = ftrace_stack[ftrace_stack_len];
     func_t *f = get_func(tco_addr);
-    Trace("%*s0x%x ret 0x%x <%s+0x%x> (TCO)", ftrace_stack_len, "", pc, tco_addr,
-          f == NULL ? "???" : f->name, f == NULL ? addr : addr - f->start);
+    Trace("%*s0x%x ret 0x%x <%s+0x%x> (TCO)", ftrace_stack_len, "", pc,
+          tco_addr, f == NULL ? "???" : f->name,
+          f == NULL ? addr : addr - f->start);
   }
   func_t *f = get_func(addr);
-  Trace("%*s0x%x ret 0x%x <%s+0x%x>", ftrace_stack_len, "", pc, addr, 
+  Trace("%*s0x%x ret 0x%x <%s+0x%x>", ftrace_stack_len, "", pc, addr,
         f == NULL ? "???" : f->name, f == NULL ? addr : addr - f->start);
 }
 #endif
diff --git a/nemu/tests/Makefile b/nemu/tests/Makefile
index 2e8c784..1575102 100644
--- a/nemu/tests/Makefile
+++ b/nemu/tests/Makefile
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ YACC = bison
 $(OBJ_DIR)/%: %.c $(TEST_OBJS) app
 	@mkdir -p $(dir $@)
 	@echo + CC $<
-	@$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o $@.o -c $< 
+	@$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o $@.o -c $<
 	@echo + LD $@
 	@$(LD) $(LIBS) $(LDFLAGS) -o $@ $(TEST_OBJS) $@.o
 	@$@
diff --git a/nemu/tools/qemu-diff/include/isa.h b/nemu/tools/qemu-diff/include/isa.h
index 3637206..9f1f9e6 100644
--- a/nemu/tools/qemu-diff/include/isa.h
+++ b/nemu/tools/qemu-diff/include/isa.h
@@ -18,14 +18,14 @@
 
 #if defined(CONFIG_ISA_mips32)
 #define ISA_QEMU_BIN "qemu-system-mipsel"
-#define ISA_QEMU_ARGS "-machine", "mipssim",\
-  "-kernel", NEMU_HOME "/resource/mips-elf/mips.dummy",
+#define ISA_QEMU_ARGS                                                          \
+  "-machine", "mipssim", "-kernel", NEMU_HOME "/resource/mips-elf/mips.dummy",
 #elif defined(CONFIG_ISA_riscv) && !defined(CONFIG_RV64)
 #define ISA_QEMU_BIN "qemu-system-riscv32"
 #define ISA_QEMU_ARGS "-bios", "none",
 #elif defined(CONFIG_ISA_riscv) && defined(CONFIG_RV64)
 #define ISA_QEMU_BIN "qemu-system-riscv64"
-#define ISA_QEMU_ARGS 
+#define ISA_QEMU_ARGS
 #elif defined(CONFIG_ISA_x86)
 #define ISA_QEMU_BIN "qemu-system-i386"
 #define ISA_QEMU_ARGS
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ union isa_gdb_regs {
 #elif defined(CONFIG_ISA_riscv) && !defined(CONFIG_RV64)
     uint32_t gpr[32];
     uint32_t pc;
-#elif defined(CONFIG_ISA_riscv) &&  defined(CONFIG_RV64)
+#elif defined(CONFIG_ISA_riscv) && defined(CONFIG_RV64)
     uint64_t gpr[32];
     uint64_t fpr[32];
     uint64_t pc;
diff --git a/npc/.gdbinit b/npc/.gdbinit
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6549aeb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/npc/.gdbinit
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+set substitute-path /build/am-kernels /home/xin/repo/ysyx-workbench/am-kernels
+file /nix/store/g8hi9rlby6xm7grzcpfc8lpmdfgv1i92-am-kernel-riscv32-none-elf-2024-07-10/libexec/am-kernels/add
+target remote /tmp/gdbstub-npc.sock
diff --git a/npc/core/src/main/scala/utils/DPI.scala b/npc/core/src/main/scala/utils/DPI.scala
index 2c83be5..1a31361 100644
--- a/npc/core/src/main/scala/utils/DPI.scala
+++ b/npc/core/src/main/scala/utils/DPI.scala
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ import chisel3.util.HasBlackBoxResource
 
 // class DiffTester extends BlackBox with HasBlackBoxResource {
 //     val io = IO(new Bundle {
-//         val regs = 
+//         val regs =
 //     })
 //     addResource("difftest.v");
 // }
diff --git a/npc/core/src/test/scala/Main.scala b/npc/core/src/test/scala/Main.scala
index 0cab4ef..cbca1f4 100644
--- a/npc/core/src/test/scala/Main.scala
+++ b/npc/core/src/test/scala/Main.scala
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ class RV32CPUSpec extends AnyFreeSpec with ChiselScalatestTester {
       import chisel3.util.{SRAM, SRAMInterface, HexMemoryFile}
       class UserMem extends Module {
         val io = IO(new SRAMInterface(1024, UInt(32.W), 1, 1, 0))
-        val memoryFile = HexMemoryFile("../resource/addi.txt") 
+        val memoryFile = HexMemoryFile("../resource/addi.txt")
         io :<>= SRAM(
           size = 1024,
           tpe = UInt(32.W),
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ class RV32CPUSpec extends AnyFreeSpec with ChiselScalatestTester {
           numReadwritePorts = 0,
           memoryFile = memoryFile
         )
-        
+
         val read = io.readPorts(0).data
         printf(cf"memoryFile=$memoryFile, readPort=$read%x\n")
       }
diff --git a/npc/csrc/Switch/main.cpp b/npc/csrc/Switch/main.cpp
index 9a3f262..0a5467c 100644
--- a/npc/csrc/Switch/main.cpp
+++ b/npc/csrc/Switch/main.cpp
@@ -1,36 +1,36 @@
-#include <cstdlib>
+#include <VSwitch.h>
 #include <cassert>
 #include <cstdlib>
 #include <verilated.h>
 #include <verilated_vcd_c.h>
-#include <VSwitch.h>
 
-const int MAX_SIM_TIME=100;
+const int MAX_SIM_TIME = 100;
 
 int main(int argc, char **argv, char **env) {
-    int sim_time = 0;
-    Verilated::commandArgs(argc, argv);
-    VSwitch *top = new VSwitch;
+  int sim_time = 0;
+  Verilated::commandArgs(argc, argv);
+  VSwitch *top = new VSwitch;
 
-    Verilated::traceEverOn(true);
-    VerilatedVcdC *m_trace = new VerilatedVcdC; 
+  Verilated::traceEverOn(true);
+  VerilatedVcdC *m_trace = new VerilatedVcdC;
 #ifdef VERILATOR_TRACE
-    top->trace(m_trace, 5);
-    m_trace->open("waveform.vcd");
+  top->trace(m_trace, 5);
+  m_trace->open("waveform.vcd");
 #endif
-    for (sim_time = 0; sim_time < MAX_SIM_TIME; sim_time++) {
-        top->io_sw_0 = rand() % 2;
-        top->io_sw_1 = rand() % 2;
-        top->eval();
-        printf("sw0 = %d, sw1 = %d, ledr = %d\n", top->io_sw_0, top->io_sw_1, top->io_out);
-        assert(top->io_out == (top->io_sw_0 ^ top->io_sw_1));
+  for (sim_time = 0; sim_time < MAX_SIM_TIME; sim_time++) {
+    top->io_sw_0 = rand() % 2;
+    top->io_sw_1 = rand() % 2;
+    top->eval();
+    printf("sw0 = %d, sw1 = %d, ledr = %d\n", top->io_sw_0, top->io_sw_1,
+           top->io_out);
+    assert(top->io_out == (top->io_sw_0 ^ top->io_sw_1));
 #ifdef VERILATOR_TRACE
-        m_trace->dump(sim_time);
+    m_trace->dump(sim_time);
 #endif
-    }
+  }
 #ifdef VERILATOR_TRACE
-    m_trace->close();
+  m_trace->close();
 #endif
-    delete top;
-    exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
+  delete top;
+  exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
 }